Un homme qui pronait la tolérance, l'égalité des races, pour ne citer que ça est mort assassiné au USA il y a 40 ans.  
 
 
 
Que pensez-vous de ce pasteur américain et de l'homme qu'il était ? croyez vous que cela persiste encore aujourd'hui dans notre pays la France et dans les pays dient civilisés ? En 40 ans des effors ont-ils étaient accomplis ?  
 
A vous...Mettez votre expérience dans ce domaine.  
@+
cvb

c t un homme bien. malheureusement, ca n evolue pas assez et je pense que, bcp trop de gens deviennent raciste, terme qui n'a d ailleurs aucun fondement etant donne que la race n existe pas, la race humaine oui mais c tt. bref, tt l monde se sent persecute, pkoi, la societe ? bof j en sais rien mais moi ca commence a bien m saouler. je n ai aucune preference en general mais qd je vois la montee en puissance du front national, j me dis putain, kel pays d merde qd meme. pays magnifique mais mentalite de merde defois. koik il en soit, la masse aura tjs raison, les gens pris a part st souvent sympa, une foule de gens est souvent tres conne...

<PARENTHESE>
Hm, juste en passant, l'expression:
 

 
est péjorative, elle divise, les colorés de toutes sortes et les "incolores".
 
C'est tellement sensible comme "sujet", qu'on ne sait meme pas comment appeller qui ou quoi.
 
Ca me fait penser à des potes qui appellent les "blancs": "les français", comme s'il ne l'etaient pas eux-meme   ....
</PARENTHESE>
 
Concernant les problemes de racisme, je ne pense pas avoir un avis vraiment transcendant a ce sujet, je laisse les poncifs aux quidams....dont je fais partit     !!
 

Martin Luther King, 1967 :  
« L?antisionisme est antisémite par essence et le restera toujours. »
 
 

 
C'est à la fois vrai et à la fois faux, tout du moins pour la France ! Je ne connais pas l'état de ces formations dans les autres pays...La France au dernière élections présidentielles à voté pour Jean-Marie LE PEN en masse, c'était un vote protestataire...C'est quelques part vrai. Ont à vu ensuite le peuple se lever, contre cette montée de l'extrême droite dans notre pays. Aprés la prise de conscience, et une reflexion bien que timide, la France à refusé, ce personnage...Nous avons pris conscience, que l'extrême droite était à notre porte et à la porte de l'Europe comme en Autriche où le peuple à voté massivement pour une personne de l'extrême droite !
 
 
Pour éviter ces montées des extrêmes, il faut arrêter les clivages droite et gauche, que les uns et les autres, essaye de faire preuve de bon sens...et d'intelligence lors de crise grave pour notre pays...car on parle de l'extrême droite, mais l'extrême gauche quelques part n'est guère mieux. Pour eux tout appartient au peuple les gens riches ne sont pas les bienvenus ! n'est ce pas quelques part une forme de racisme ?

THE MURDER OF DR. MARTIN LUTHER KING, JR.--Unspoken Details--PART ONE
by Sherman H. Skolnick:
http://www.skolnicksreport.com/mofmlk.html
 
THE REV. JESSE JACKSON AFFAIR
1/18/01 by Sherman H. Skolnick:
http://www.skolnicksreport.com/jesse.html
 
Assassinations Of The 20th Century - Why?
By Sherman H. Skolnick <skolnick@ameritech.net>
12-28-99:
http://www.skolnicksreport.com/assassinations.html
 
 
From the May-June 2000 issue (Vol. 7 No. 4)
The Martin Luther King Conspiracy
Exposed in Memphis
 
 
By Jim Douglass
 
According to a Memphis jury?s verdict on December 8,1999, in the wrongful death lawsuit of the King family versus Loyd Jowers "and other unknown co-conspirators," Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. was assassinated by a conspiracy that included agencies of his own government. Almost 32 years after King?s murder at the Lorraine Motel in Memphis on April 4, 1968, a court extended the circle of responsibility for the assassination beyond the late scapegoat James Earl Ray to the United States government.
 
I can hardly believe the fact that, apart from the courtroom participants, only Memphis TV reporter Wendell Stacy and I attended from beginning to end this historic three-and-one-half week trial. Because of journalistic neglect scarcely anyone else in this land of ours even knows what went on in it. After critical testimony was given in the trial?s second week before an almost empty gallery, Barbara Reis, U.S. correspondent for the Lisbon daily Publico who was there several days, turned to me and said, "Everything in the U.S. is the trial of the century. O.J. Simpson?s trial was the trial of the century. Clinton?s trial was the trial of the century. But this is the trial of the century, and who?s here?"
 
What I experienced in that courtroom ranged from inspiration at the courage of the Kings, their lawyer-investigator William F. Pepper, and the witnesses, to amazement at the government?s carefully interwoven plot to kill Dr. King. The seriousness with which U.S. intelligence agencies planned the murder of Martin Luther King Jr. speaks eloquently of the threat Kingian nonviolence represented to the powers that be in the spring of 1968.
 
In the complaint filed by the King family, "King versus Jowers and Other Unknown Co-Conspirators," the only named defendant, Loyd Jowers, was never their primary concern. As soon became evident in court, the real defendants were the anonymous co-conspirators who stood in the shadows behind Jowers, the former owner of a Memphis bar and grill. The Kings and Pepper were in effect charging U.S. intelligence agencies ? particularly the FBI and Army intelligence ? with organizing, subcontracting, and covering up the assassination. Such a charge guarantees almost insuperable obstacles to its being argued in a court within the United States. Judicially it is an unwelcome beast.
 
Many qualifiers have been attached to the verdict in the King case. It came not in criminal court but in civil court, where the standards of evidence are much lower than in criminal court. (For example, the plaintiffs used unsworn testimony made on audiotapes and videotapes.) Furthermore, the King family as plaintiffs and Jowers as defendant agreed ahead of time on much of the evidence.
 
But these observations are not entirely to the point. Because of the government?s "sovereign immunity," it is not possible to put a U.S. intelligence agency in the dock of a U.S. criminal court. Such a step would require authorization by the federal government, which is not likely to indict itself. Thanks to the conjunction of a civil court, an independent judge with a sense of history, and a courageous family and lawyer, a spiritual breakthrough to an unspeakable truth occurred in Memphis. It allowed at least a few people (and hopefully many more through them) to see the forces behind King?s martyrdom and to feel the responsibility we all share for it through our government. In the end, twelve jurors, six black and six white, said to everyone willing to hear: guilty as charged.
 
We can also thank the unlikely figure of Loyd Jowers for providing a way into that truth.
 
Loyd Jowers: When the frail, 73-year-old Jowers became ill after three days in court, Judge Swearengen excused him. Jowers did not testify and said through his attorney, Lewis Garrison, that he would plead the Fifth Amendment if subpoenaed. His discretion was too late. In 1993 against the advice of Garrison, Jowers had gone public. Prompted by William Pepper?s progress as James Earl Ray?s attorney in uncovering Jowers?s role in the assassination, Jowers told his story to Sam Donaldson on Prime Time Live. He said he had been asked to help in the murder of King and was told there would be a decoy (Ray) in the plot. He was also told that the police "wouldn?t be there that night."
 
In that interview, the transcript of which was read to the jury in the Memphis courtroom, Jowers said the man who asked him to help in the murder was a Mafia-connected produce dealer named Frank Liberto. Liberto, now deceased, had a courier deliver $l00,000 for Jowers to hold at his restaurant, Jim?s Grill, the back door of which opened onto the dense bushes across from the Lorraine Motel. Jowers said he was visited the day before the murder by a man named Raul, who brought a rifle in a box.
 
As Mike Vinson reported in the March-April Probe, other witnesses testified to their knowledge of Liberto?s involvement in King?s slaying. Store-owner John McFerren said he arrived around 5:l5 pm, April 4, 1968, for a produce pick-up at Frank Liberto?s warehouse in Memphis. (King would be shot at 6:0l pm.) When he approached the warehouse office, McFerren overheard Liberto on the phone inside saying, "Shoot the son-of-a-bitch on the balcony."
 
Café-owner Lavada Addison, a friend of Liberto?s in the late 1970?s, testified that Liberto had told her he "had Martin Luther King killed." Addison?s son, Nathan Whitlock, said when he learned of this conversation he asked Liberto point-blank if he had killed King.
 
"[Liberto] said, ?I didn?t kill the nigger but I had it done.? I said, ?What about that other son-of-a-bitch taking credit for it?? He says, ?Ahh, he wasn?t nothing but a troublemaker from Missouri. He was a front man?a setup man.?"
 
The jury also heard a tape recording of a two-hour-long confession Jowers made at a fall 1998 meeting with Martin Luther King?s son Dexter and former UN Ambassador Andrew Young. On the tape Jowers says that meetings to plan the assassination occurred at Jim?s Grill. He said the planners included undercover Memphis Police Department officer Marrell McCollough (who now works for the Central Intelligence Agency, and who is referenced in the trial transcript as Merrell McCullough), MPD Lieutentant Earl Clark (who died in 1987), a third police officer, and two men Jowers did not know but thought were federal agents.
 
Young, who witnessed the assassination, can be heard on the tape identifying McCollough as the man kneeling beside King?s body on the balcony in a famous photograph. According to witness Colby Vernon Smith, McCollough had infiltrated a Memphis community organizing group, the Invaders, which was working with the Southern Christian Leadership Conference. In his trial testimony Young said the MPD intelligence agent was "the guy who ran up [the balcony stairs] with us to see Martin."
 
Jowers says on the tape that right after the shot was fired he received a smoking rifle at the rear door of Jim?s Grill from Clark. He broke the rifle down into two pieces and wrapped it in a tablecloth. Raul picked it up the next day. Jowers said he didn?t actually see who fired the shot that killed King, but thought it was Clark, the MPD?s best marksman.
 
Young testified that his impression from the 1998 meeting was that the aging, ailing Jowers "wanted to get right with God before he died, wanted to confess it and be free of it." Jowers denied, however, that he knew the plot?s purpose was to kill King ? a claim that seemed implausible to Dexter King and Young. Jowers has continued to fear jail, and he had directed Garrison to defend him on the grounds that he didn?t know the target of the plot was King. But his interview with Donaldson suggests he was not naïve on this point.
 
Loyd Jowers?s story opened the door to testimony that explored the systemic nature of the murder in seven other basic areas: l) background to the assassination; 2) local conspiracy; 3) the crime scene; 4) the rifle; 5) Raul; 6) broader conspiracy; 7) cover-up.
 
1) Background to the assassination: James Lawson, King?s friend and an organizer with SCLC, testified that King?s stands on Vietnam and the Poor People?s Campaign had created enemies in Washington. He said King?s speech at New York?s Riverside Church on April 4, 1967, which condemned the Vietnam War and identified the U.S. government as "the greatest purveyor of violence in the world today," provoked intense hostility in the White House and FBI.
 
Hatred and fear of King deepened, Lawson said, in response to his plan to hold the Poor People?s Campaign in Washington, D.C. King wanted to shut down the nation?s capital in the spring of 1968 through massive civil disobedience until the government agreed to abolish poverty. King saw the Memphis sanitation workers? strike as the beginning of a nonviolent revolution that would redistribute income.
 
"I have no doubt," Lawson said, "that the government viewed all this seriously enough to plan his assassination."
 
Coretta Scott King testified that her husband had to return to Memphis in early April 1968 because of a violent demonstration there for which he had been blamed. Moments after King upon arriving in Memphis joined the sanitation workers? march there on March 28, 1968, the scene turned violent ? subverted by government provocateurs, Lawson said. Thus King had to return to Memphis on April 3 and prepare for a truly nonviolent march, Mrs. King said, to prove SCLC could still carry out a nonviolent campaign in Washington.
 
2) Local conspiracy: On the night of April 3, 1968, Floyd E. Newsum, a black firefighter and civil rights activist, heard King?s "I?ve Been to the Mountain Top" speech at the Mason Temple in Memphis. On his return home, Newsum returned a phone call from his lieutenant and was told he had been temporarily transferred, effective April 4, from Fire Station 2, located across the street from the Lorraine Motel, to Fire Station 3l. Newsum testified that he was not needed at the new station. However, he was needed at his old station because his departure left it "out of service unless somebody else was detailed to my company in my stead." After making many queries, Newsum was eventually told he had been transferred by request of the police department.
 
The only other black firefighter at Fire Station 2, Norvell E. Wallace, testified that he, too, received orders from his superior officer on the night of April 3 for a temporary transfer to a fire station far removed from the Lorraine Motel. He was later told vaguely that he had been threatened.
 
Wallace guessed it was because "I was putting out fires," he told the jury with a smile. Asked if he ever received a satisfactory explanation for his transfer Wallace answered, "No. Never did. Not to this day."
 
....
 
The rest of this article can be found in The Assassinations, edited by Jim DiEugenio and Lisa Pease.
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ [...] nsfortruth
 
http://www.webcom.com/ctka/fullarticles.html

Personne n'as d'idée ou le sujet est trop sensible ?

 
je trouve cette remarque déplacée, et tout bonnement "raciste", même si c'est pas de la mauvaise volonté.
 
ça a surement deja été dit...

 
raciste ? non, c'est pas du tout mon intention !  même si ça peut y faire penser dans la mesure ou j'ai employé de terme de couleur.

j'admire beaucoup plus Malcom X  
 
 

 
et c'était ou c'est qui ?  

 
 
en même temps, il aurait dis le contraire, tu ne l'aurais pas cité. J'ai horreur des opportunistes de merde comme ça  

 
 
c'était un grand homme qui a redonné pas mal de fierté et d'assurance aux noirs americains.
 
 
http://www.cmgww.com/historic/malcolm/

 
Elijah Muhammad a été soupçonné d'avoir commendité son assassinat je crois  

 
disons que tu considères les hommes de couleur par leur couleur, et même si c'est pour en relever leur tolérance/gentilesse etc, c quand même une forme de racisme, puisque tu les sépares des autres.
j'ai bien compris que ct pas de la mauvaise intention, mais tu denigres quand même les "blancs"...
 
peu importe
 
Malcom X, contemporain de Martin Luther King, c'etait le leader des blacks panthers et de la defense des droits des noirs par la violence.
Un grand personnage lui aussi.
fait une recherche sur le net

je ne connaissais pas peut-être parce qu'il est née avant le pasteur américain...  
 
Malcolm X was born Malcolm Little on May 19, 1925 in Omaha, Nebraska. His mother, Louise Norton Little, was a homemaker occupied with the family's eight children. His father, Earl Little, was an outspoken Baptist minister and avid supporter of Black Nationalist leader Marcus Garvey. Earl's civil rights activism prompted death threats from the white supremacist organization Black Legion, forcing the family to relocate twice before Malcolm's fourth birthday. Regardless of the Little's efforts to elude the Legion, in 1929 their Lansing, Michigan home was burned to the ground, and two years later Earl's mutilated body was found lying across the town's trolley tracks. Police ruled both accidents, but the Little's were certain that members of the Black Legion were responsible. Louise had an emotional breakdown several years after the death of her husband and was committed to a mental institution. Her children were split up amongst various foster homes and orphanages.  
 
Malcolm was a smart, focused student and graduated from junior high at the top of his class. However, when a favorite teacher told Malcolm his dream of becoming a lawyer was "no realistic goal for a nigger," Malcolm lost interest in school. He dropped out, spent some time in Boston, Massachusetts working various odd jobs, and then traveled to Harlem, New York where he committed petty crimes. By 1942 Malcolm was coordinating various narcotic, prostitution and gambling rings.  
 
Eventually Malcolm and his buddy, Malcolm "Shorty" Jarvis, moved back to Boston, where they were arrested and convicted on burglary charges in 1946. Malcolm placated himself by using the seven-year prison sentence to further his education. It was during this period of self-enlightenment that Malcolm's brother Reginald visited and discussed his recent conversion to the Muslim religious organization the Nation of Islam. Intrigued, Malcolm studied the teachings of Nation of Islam leader Elijah Muhammad. Muhammad taught that white society actively worked to keep African-Americans from empowering themselves and achieving political, economic and social success. Among other goals, the Nation of Islam fought for a state of their own, separate from one inhabited by white people. By the time he was paroled in 1952, Malcolm was a devoted follower with the new surname "X." He considered "Little" a slave name and chose the "X" to signify his lost tribal name.  
 
 
Feb. 18, 1965
Photo by Robert L. Haggins  
Intelligent and articulate, Malcolm was appointed a minister and national spokesman for the Nation of Islam. Elijah Muhammad also charged him with establishing new mosques in cities such as Detroit, Michigan and Harlem, New York. Malcolm utilized newspaper columns, radio and television to communicate the Nation of Islam's message across the United States. His charisma, drive and conviction attracted an astounding number of new members. Malcolm was largely credited with increasing membership in the Nation of Islam from 500 in 1952 to 30,000 in 1963.  
 
The crowds and controversy surrounding Malcolm made him a media magnet. He was featured in a week-long television special with Mike Wallace in 1959, The Hate That Hate Produced, that explored fundamentals of the Nation of Islam and Malcolm's emergence as one of its most important leaders. After the special, Malcolm was faced with the uncomfortable reality that his fame had eclipsed that of his mentor Elijah Muhammad.  
 
Racial tensions ran increasingly high during the early 1960s. In addition to the media, Malcolm's vivid personality had captured the government's attention. As membership in the Nation of Islam continued to grow, FBI (Federal Bureau of Investigation) agents infiltrated the organization (one even acted at Malcolm's bodyguard) and secretly placed bugs, wiretaps and cameras surveillance equipment to monitor the group's activities.  
 
Malcolm's faith was dealt a crushing blow at the height of the civil rights movement in 1963. He learned that Elijah Muhammad was secretly having relations with as many as six women in the Nation of Islam, some of which had resulted in children. Since his conversion Malcolm had strictly adhered to the teachings of Muhammad, including remaining celibate until his marriage to Betty Shabazz in 1958. Malcolm refused Muhammad's request to keep the matter quiet. He was deeply hurt by the deception of Muhammad, whom he had considered a prophet, and felt guilty about the masses he had led into what he now felt was a fraudulent organization.  
 
 
Cairo mosque, Sept. 1964
Photo by John Launois/Black Star  
When Malcolm received criticism after the assassination of President John F. Kennedy for saying, "[Kennedy] never foresaw that the chickens would come home to roost so soon," Muhammad "silenced" him for 90 days. Malcolm suspected he was silenced for another reason. In March 1964 he terminated his relationship with the Nation of Islam and founded the Muslim Mosque, Inc.  
 
That same year, Malcolm went on a pilgrimage to Mecca, Saudi Arabia. The trip proved life altering, as Malcolm met "blonde-haired, blued-eyed men I could call my brothers." He returned to the United States with a new outlook on integration. This time, instead of just preaching to African-Americans, he had a message for all races.  
 
Relations between Malcolm and the Nation of Islam had become volatile after he renounced Elijah Muhammad. Informants working in the Nation of Islam warned that Malcolm had been marked for assassination (one man had even been ordered to help plant a bomb in his car). After repeated attempts on his life, Malcolm rarely traveled anywhere without bodyguards. On February 14, 1965 the home where Malcolm, Betty and their four daughters lived in East Elmhurst, New York was firebombed (the family escaped physical injury).  
 
At a speaking engagement in the Manhattan's Audubon Ballroom on February 21, 1965 three gunmen rushed Malcolm onstage and shot him 15 times at close range. The 39-year-old was pronounced dead on arrival at New York's Columbia Presbyterian Hospital. Fifteen hundred people attended Malcolm's funeral in Harlem on February 27, 1965 at the Faith Temple Church of God in Christ (now Child's Memorial Temple Church of God in Christ). After the ceremony, friends took the shovels from the gravediggers and buried Malcolm themselves. Later that year, Betty gave birth to their twin daughters.  
 
Malcolm's assassins, Talmadge Hayer, Norman 3X Butler and Thomas 15X Johnson were convicted of first-degree murder in March 1966. The three men were all members of the Nation of Islam.  
 
The legacy of Malcolm X has moved through generations as the subject of numerous documentaries, books and movies. A tremendous resurgence of interest occurred in 1992 when director Spike Lee released the acclaimed Malcolm X movie. The film received Oscar nominations for Best Actor (Denzel Washington) and Best Costume Design.  
 
Malcolm X is buried at the Ferncliff Cemetery in Hartsdale, New York.
 

 
 
 
je porterais pas mes soupçon de ce coté moi  

ce que je trouve dommage, c'est qu'en france, on parle pas de nos luther king ou de nos malcolm X  
 
 
 
qui parmis vous connais frantz fanon?  
 
 
http://www.afcam.org/Doc_illustration/FANON/FANON.htm

 
les black panthers c le "black power" et le "black supremacy" nan ?  
 
stin peu l'équivalent du "White power" et de la "white supremacy" nan ?

 
Tu t'en serais chargé
 
Et je te prie d'arreter tes insultes et diffamations

 
 
insultes et diffamation?    
 

yems il me semble que tu a déjà été sanctionné pour tes propos agressifs, alors à l'avenir si tu veux continuer à intervenir sur ce forum je te prie de les modérer.

 
 
ouais dernièrement j'ai été TT 1 mois et quelque pour réponse a provocation.  
 
Fallait la trouver celle là

Tes posts transpirant d'agressivité ne sont pas les meilleurs vecteurs de tes idées, essaye de te calmer, c'est tout  

Ce que je rencontre souvent c'est une forme de rascisme passif.
 
Quelqu'un rencontre un noir, un jaune ou un brun et ne peut s'empecher au fond de lui meme de le juger comme un peu simple ou tout simplement inférieur. On ne peut s'empecher de penser de quelqu'un qu'il est un peu simplet ou peu éduqué ou cultivé, mais après avoir fait connaissance avec et pas avant.
Beaucoup de personnes on tendances a prendre leur pays pour "the best in the world", on peut etre fier de son pays mais ne pas oublier que chaque pays a ses qualité.
D'autres personnes vont systématiquement critiquer d'autres pays ou toujours comparer au leur afin de pouvoir se rassurer et se prouver qu'ils sont supérieur.  
Ex: les asiatiques sont très travailleurs mais sont incapables de créer et ne font que copier, il y en a bien d'autres.
 
Je ne sais pas si je me suis fait comprendre.......

  En tous cas ,c'était, paraît-il,  un très chaud lapin  et comme tel ,champion  du hors ménage...Comme tout bon moraliste qui se respecte .....et qui a rencontré la balle d'un autre moraliste du white power.Moralité ,l'Omowhitepower lave plus blanc.....aurait dit Coluche....